Harnessing Recombinant DNA Technology for Modern Innovations: A Review
Main Article Content
Abstract
In the past century, controlling gene expressions to enhance desirable traits in living organisms through recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology was merely a concept. However, in recent times, this field has made significant advancements, offering unique benefits to human life. rDNA technology allows for the safe, accessible, and abundant production of crucial proteins for addressing various health issues. Through laboratory methods of genetic manipulation, scientists generate rDNA molecules by merging genetic material from different origins that wouldn’t naturally occur within organisms. Although the chemical structure of DNA is the same across all organisms, the nucleotide sequences vary. The application of rDNA technology extends to diverse fields such as regenerative medicine, nanotechnology, and tissue engineering, allowing for the production of proteins with specific characteristics and effectiveness. This article explores the widespread uses of rDNA technology in basic research, highlighting its crucial role in modern efforts within biological and biomedical sciences, especially in regenerative medicine and nanotechnology fields.
Article Details
Section

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
1. Khan S, Ullah MW, Siddique R, Nabi G, Manan S, Yousaf M, Hou H. Role of recombinant DNA technology to improve life. Int J Genomics. 2016;2016:2405954. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2405954
2. Steinberg FM, Raso J. Biotech pharmaceuticals and biotherapy: an overview. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 1998;1(2):48–59.
3. Paoletti MG, Pimentel D. Genetic engineering in agriculture and the environment—assessing risks and benefits. BioScience. 1996;46(9):665–73. https://doi.org/10.2307/1312896
4. Khattak WA, Ullah MW, Ul-Islam M, Khan S, Kim M, Kim Y, Park JK. Developmental strategies and regulation of cell-free enzyme system for ethanol production: a molecular prospective. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2014;98(23):9561–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-6154-0
5. Galambos L, Sturchio JL. Pharmaceutical firms and the transition to biotechnology: a study in strategic innovation. Bus Hist Rev. 1998;72(2):250–78. https://doi.org/10.2307/3116278
6. Kammermayor K, Clark VL. Genetic Engineering Fundamentals: An Introduction to Principles and Applications. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc.; 1989.
7. Lomedico PT. Use of recombinant DNA technology to program eukaryotic cells to synthesize rat proinsulin: a rapid expression assay for cloned genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1982;79(19):5798–802. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.79.19.5798
8. Li ZH, Wang J, Xu JP, Wang J, Yang X. Recent advances in CRISPR-based genome editing technology and its applications in cardiovascular research. Mil Med Res. 2023;10:12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-023-00447-x
9. Boti MA, Athanasopoulou K, Adamopoulos PG, Sideris DC, Scorilas A. Recent advances in genome-engineering strategies. Genes. 2023;14(1):129. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14010129
10. Doudna JA, Charpentier E. Genome editing. The new frontier of genome engineering with CRISPR-Cas9. Science. 2014;346(6213):1258096. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1258096
11. Doudna JA. The promise and challenge of therapeutic genome editing. Nature. 2020;578(7794):229–36. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-1978-5
12. Nambiar TS, Baudrier L, Billon P, Ciccia A. CRISPR-based genome editing through the lens of DNA repair. Mol Cell. 2022;82(2):348–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2021.12.026
13. Zhang S, Guo F, Yan W, Dai Z, Dong W, Zhou J, Zhang W, Xin F, Jiang M. Recent advances of CRISPR/Cas9-based genetic engineering and transcriptional regulation in industrial biology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020;7:459. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2019.00459
14. Boehm CR, Bock R. Recent advances and current challenges in synthetic biology of the plastid genetic system and metabolism. Plant Physiol. 2019;179(3):794–802. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.18.00767
15. Kumar S, Kumar A. Role of genetic engineering in agriculture. Plant Arch. 2015;15:1–6. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4615.2015.00018.6
16. Glick BR, Pasternak JJ. Molecular Biotechnology: Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA. 4th ed. Washington, D.C.: ASM Press; 2010.
17. Sambrook J, Russell DW. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 3rd ed. Cold Spring Harbor (NY): Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 2001.
18. Grolier Electronic Publishing. Recombinant DNA. 1992:423–30.
19. Goeddel DV, Kleid DG, Bolivar F, Heyneker HL, Yansura DG, Crea R, et al. Expression in Escherichia coli of a chemically synthesized gene for human insulin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1979;76(1):106–10. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.76.1.106
20. Anderson WF. Gene therapy: a new frontier for medicine. J Clin Invest. 2014;124(5):1592–600.
21. McAleer WJ, Buynak EB, Maigetter RZ, Wampler DE, Miller WJ, Hilleman MR. Human hepatitis B vaccine from recombinant yeast. Nature. 1984 ;307(5947):178-80.
22. Cardi T, Stewart CN Jr. Progress of targeted genome modification approaches in higher plants. Plant Cell Rep. 2016;35(7):1401–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-016-1975-1
23. James C. Global status of commercialized biotech/GM crops: 2009. ISAAA Brief No. 41. International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications; 2009.
24. Mulligan RC. Gene therapy: an overview. Science. 1993;260(5113):926–32. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8493530
25. Jeffreys AJ, Wilson V, Thein SL. Individual-specific 'fingerprints' of human DNA. Nature. 1985;316(6023):76–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/316076a0
26. Venter M. Synthetic promoters: genetic control through cis engineering. Trends Plant Sci. 2007;12(3):118–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2007.01.002
27. Ullah MW, Khattak WA, Ul-Islam M, Khan S, Park JK. Bio-ethanol production through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using an encapsulated reconstituted cell-free enzyme system. Biochem Eng J. 2014;91:110–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2014.08.006
28. Méndez C, Salas JA. On the generation of novel anticancer drugs by recombinant DNA technology: the use of combinatorial biosynthesis to produce novel drugs. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2003;6(6):513–26. https://doi.org/10.2174/138620703106298699